domingo, 20 de noviembre de 2011

Membrana celular: estructura y transporte

%3Cspan+style%3@%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BCalibri%26quot%3B%3B%22%3E+%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B%22%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22color%3A+%23cc0000%3B+font-size%3A+large%3B%22%3EEstructura%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B%22%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-size%3A+x-small%3B%22%3ELas+membranas+celulares+desempe%C3%B1an+diversas+funciones+vitales+tales+como%3A%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B%22%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-size%3A+x-small%3B%22%3E%E2%80%A2+A%C3%ADslan+selectivamente+el+contenido+de+la+c%C3%A9lula+del+medio+externo%2C+permitiendo+que+a+trav%C3%A9s+de+la+membrana+se+produzcan+gradientes+de+concentraci%C3%B3n+de+sustancias+disueltas.%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B%22%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-size%3A+x-small%3B%22%3E%E2%80%A2+Regulan+el+intercambio+de+sustancias+esenciales+entre+la+c%C3%A9lula+y+el+fluido+extracelular%2C+o+entre+los+organelos+encerrados+dentro+de+las+membranas+y+el+citosol+circundante.%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B%22%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-size%3A+x-small%3B%22%3E%E2%80%A2+Permiten+la+comunicaci%C3%B3n+con+otras+c%C3%A9lulas.%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B%22%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-size%3A+x-small%3B%22%3E%E2%80%A2+Permiten+las+uniones+en+el+interior+de+las+c%C3%A9lulas+y+entre+ellas.%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+10pt%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-size%3A+x-small%3B%22%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B%22%3E%E2%80%A2+Regulan+muchas+reacciones+bioqu%C3%ADmicas.%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B%22%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-size%3A+x-small%3B%22%3ETodas+las+membranas+de+una+c%C3%A9lula+tienen+una+estructura+b%C3%A1sica+similar%3A+prote%C3%ADnas+que+flotan+en+una+doble+capa+de+fosfol%C3%ADpidos%2C+Los+fosfol%C3%ADpidos+desempe%C3%B1an+la+funci%C3%B3n+aislante+de+las+membranas%2C+mientras+que+las+prote%C3%ADnas+regulan+el+intercambio+de+sustancias+y+la+comunicaci%C3%B3n+con+el+ambiente%2C+controlan+reacciones+bioqu%C3%ADmicas+asociadas+con+la+membrana+celular+y+forman+uniones.%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B%22%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-size%3A+x-small%3B%22%3EDe+acuerdo+con+el+modelo+de+mosaico+fluido%2C+cada+membrana+consta+de+un+mosaico+de+diferentes+prote%C3%ADnas+que+est%C3%A1+en+constante+movimiento+y+que+fluye+dentro+de+un+fluido+viscoso+constituido+por+una+doble+capa+de+fosfol%C3%ADpidos%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22separator%22+style%3D%22clear%3A+both%3B+text-align%3A+center%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Ca+href%3D%22http%3A%2F%2F4.bp.blogspot.com%2F-2NZmajcJGCA%2FTtRwSDtW9qI%2FAAAAAAAAAFU%2FnSIBWtnJOMs%2Fs1600%2Fmembrana%2B1.png%22+imageanchor%3D%221%22+style%3D%22margin-left%3A+1em%3B+margin-right%3A+1em%3B%22%3E%3Cimg+border%3D%220%22+dda%3@%22true%22+height%3D%22372%22+src%3D%22http%3A%2F%2F4.bp.blogspot.com%2F-2NZmajcJGCA%2FTtRwSDtW9qI%2FAAAAAAAAAFU%2FnSIBWtnJOMs%2Fs640%2Fmembrana%2B1.png%22+width%3D%22640%22+%2F%3E%3C%2Fa%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B%22%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-size%3A+x-small%3B%22%3ELas+membranas+plasm%C3%A1ticas+separan+el+citosol+acuoso+de+su+ambiente+externo+acuoso%2C+y+membranas+similares+rodean+los+compartimientos+acuosos+dentro+de+la+c%C3%A9lula.+En+estas+condiciones%2C+los+fosfol%C3%ADpidos+espont%C3%A1neamente+se+disponen+en+una+doble+capa+llamada+bicapa+fosfolip%C3%ADdica.%3C%2Bspan%3E%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3A%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+style%3D%22border-bottom%3A+medium+none%3B+border-left%3A+medium+none%3B+border-right%3A+medium+none%3B+border-top%3A+medium+none%3B+clear%3A+both%3B+text-align%3A+center%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Ca+href%3D%22http%3A%2F%2F3.bp.blogspot.com%2F-mYTZqRfH7SY%2FTtRxeocMczI%2FAAAAAAAAAFk%2FK165BnEaFIY%2Fs1600%2Fmembrana%2B3.png%22+imageanchor%3D%221%22+style%3D%22clear%3A+left%3B+cssfloat%3A+left%3B+float%3A+left%3B+margin-bottom%3A+1em%3B+margin-right%3A+1em%3B%22%3E%3Cimg+border%3D%220%22+dda%3D%22true%22+height%3D%22374%22+src%3D%22http%3A%2F%2F3.bp.blogspot.com%2F-mYTZqRfH7SY%2FTtRxeocMczI%2FAAAAAAAAAFk%2FK165BnEaFIY%2Fs640%2Fmembrana%2B3.png%22+width%3D%22640%22+%2F%3E%3C%2Fa%3E%3Ca+href%3D%22http%3A%2F%2F3.bp.blogspot.com%2F-mYTZqRfH7SY%2FTtRxeocMczI%2FAAAAAAAAAFk%2FK165BnEaFIY%2Fs1600%2Fmembrana%2B3.png%22+imageanchor%3D%221%22+style%3D%22clear%3A+right%3B+cssfloat%3A+right%3B+float%3A+right%3B+margin-bottom%3A+1em%3B+margin-left%3A+1em%3B%22%3E+%3C%2Fa%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B%22%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22color%3A+black%3B%22%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-size%3A+x-small%3B%22%3EUn+fosfol%C3%ADpido+consta+de+dos+partes+muy+distintas%3A+una+cabeza+polar+hidrof%C3%ADlica+%28que+es+atra%C3%ADda+por+el+agua%29+y+un+par+de+colas+no+polares+hidrof%C3%B3bicas+%28que+son+repelidas+por+el+agua%29.%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22border-bottom%3A+medium+none%3B+border-left%3A+medium+none%3B+border-right%3A+medium+none%3B+border-top%3A+medium+none%3B+line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-hayout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3C%2Fspan%3E%0D%0A%3Cimg+height%3D%2256%22+src%3D%22http%3A%2F%2F3.bp.blogspot.com%2F-mYTZqRfH7SY%2FTtRxeocMczI%2FAAAAAAAAAFk%2FK165BnEaFIY%2Fs320%2Fmembrana%2B3.png%22+style%3D%22filter%3A+alpha%28opacity%3D30%29%3B+left%3A+207px%3B+mozopacity%3A+0.3%3B+opacity%3A+0.3%3B+position%3A+absolute%3B+top%3A+956px%3B+visibility%3A+hidden%3B%22+width%3D%2296%22+%2F%3E+%3Cdiv+class%3D%22separator%22+style%3D%22border-bottom%3A+medium+none%3B+border-left%3A+medium+none%3B+border-right%3A+medium+none%3B+border-top%3A+medium+none%3B+clear%3A+both%3B+text-align%3A+center%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Ca+href%3D%22http%3A%2F%2F2.bp.blogspot.com%2F-mFmEChdmb84%2FTtRxTD4fV6I%2FAAAAAAAAAFc%2Fs-Djuv_hrIk%2Fs1600%2Fmembrana%2B2.png%22+imageanchor%3D%221%22+style%3D%22margin-left%3A+1em%3B+margin-right%3A+1em%3B%22%3E%3Cimg+border%3D%220%22+dda%3D%22true%22+height%3D%22233%22+src%3D%22http%3A%2F%2F2.bp.blogspot.com%2F-mFmEChdmb84%2FTtRxTD4fV6I%2FAAAAAAAAAFc%2Fs-Djuv_hrIk%2Fs400%2Fmembrana%2B2.png%22+width%3D%22400%22+%2F%3E%3C%2Fa%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22separator%22+style%3D%22border-bottom%3A+medium+none%3B+border-left%3A+medium+none%3B+border-right%3A+medium+none%3B+border-top%3A+medium+none%3B+clear%3A+both%3B+text-align%3A+center%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B+font-size%3A+9pt%3B%22%3EAlgunas+membranas+celulares+tienen+s%C3%B3lo+unas+cuantas+mol%C3%A9culas+de+colesterol%3B+otras+tienen+tantas+mol%C3%A9culas+de+colesterol+como+de+fosfol%C3%ADpidos.+El+colesterol+afecta+la+estructura+y+la+funci%C3%B3n+de+la+membrana+de+varias+maneras%3A+hace+a+la+bicapa+m%C3%A1s+resistente+y+flexible%2C+pero+menos+fluida+a+altas+temperaturas%2C+menos+s%C3%B3lida+a+bajas+temperaturas+y+menos+permeable+a+sustancias+solubles+en+agua+como+iones+o+monosac%C3%A1ridos.%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B+font-size%3A+9pt%3B%22%3EMiles+de+prote%C3%ADnas+est%C3%A1n+incrustadas+en+la+superficie+de+la+bicapa+fosfolip%C3%ADdica+de+la+membrana+o+unidas+a+ella.+Muchas+de+las+prote%C3%ADnas+de+las+membranas+plasm%C3%A1ticas+tienen+unidos+grupos+de+carbohidratos%2C+sobre+todo+en+las+partes+que+sobresalen+de+la+c%C3%A9lula%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B+font-size%3A+9pt%3B%22%3EEstas+prote%C3%ADnas+se+llaman+glucoprote%C3%ADnas+subunidades+semejantes+al+az%C3%BAcar.%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B+font-size%3A+9pt%3B%22%3ELas+prote%C3%ADnas+de+la+membrana+se+agrupan+en+cinco+categor%C3%ADas+principales+con+base+en+su+funci%C3%B3n%3A+prote%C3%ADnas+receptoras%2C+de+reconocimiento%2C+enzim%C3%A1ticas%2C+de+uni%C3%B3n+y+de+transporte%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22separator%22+style%3D%22border-bottom%3A+medium+none%3B+border-left%3A+medium+none%3B+border-right%3A+medium+none%3B+border-top%3A+medium+none%3B+clear%3A+both%3B+text-align%3A+center%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B+font-size%3A+9pt%3B%22%3ELa+mayor%C3%ADa+de+las+c%C3%A9lulas+poseen+docenas+de+tipos+de+prote%C3%ADnas+%3Cb+style%3D%22mso-bidi-font-weight%3A+normal%3B%22%3Ereceptoras%3C%2Fb%3E+en+sus+membranas+plasm%C3%A1ticas.+Cada+prote%C3%ADna+receptora+tiene+un+sitio+de+uni%C3%B3n+para+una+mol%C3%A9cula+espec%C3%ADfica%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B+font-size%3A+9pt%3B%22%3ECuando+la+mol%C3%A9cula+adecuada+se+une+al+receptor%2C+%C3%A9ste+se+activa+%28a+menudo+cambiando+su+forma%29%2C+lo+que%2C+a+la+vez%2C+desencadena+una+secuencia+de+reacciones+qu%C3%ADmicas+dentro+de+la+c%C3%A9lula+que+da+por+resultado+cambios+en+las+actividades+de+esta+%C3%BAltima%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B+font-size%3A+9pt%3B%22%3Etodo+el+cuerpo+respondan+a+las+hormonas.%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout)grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B+font-size%3A+9pt%3B%22%3ELas+prote%C3%ADnas+de+%3Cb%3Ereconocimiento%3C%2Fb%3E+son+glucoprote%C3%ADnas+localizadas+en+la+superficie+de+las+c%C3%A9lulas+que+sirven+como+etiquetas+de+identificaci%C3%B3n%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B+font-size%3A+9pt%3B%22%3ELas+%3Cb%3Eenzimas%3C%2Fb%3E+son+prote%C3%ADnas+que+a+menudo+est%C3%A1n+unidas+a+las+superficies+internas+de+las+membranas.+Las+enzimas+promueven+reacciones+qu%C3%ADmicas+que+sintetizan+o+rompen+mol%C3%A9culas+biol%C3%B3gicas+sin+cambiar+ellas+mismas%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B+font-size%3A+9pt%3B%22%3ELas+prote%C3%ADnas+de+uni%C3%B3n+sirven+de+sost%C3%A9n+a+las+membranas+celulares+de+varias+formas.+Algunas+prote%C3%ADnas+de+uni%C3%B3n+vinculan+la+membrana+plasm%C3%A1tica+con+la+red+de+filamentos+proteicos+dentro+del+citoplasma%2C+llamada+citoesqueleto%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B+font-size%3A+9pt%3B%22%3EOtras+prote%C3%ADnas+de+la+membrana+unen+la+c%C3%A9lula+a+una+matriz+de+otras+fibras+proteicas+que+existen+en+el+entorno+extracelular.+Y+otras+m%C3%A1s+forman+uniones+entre+c%C3%A9lulas+adyacentes%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B+font-size%3A+9pt%3B%22%3ELas+prote%C3%ADnas+de+%3Cb%3Etransporte%3C%2Fb%3E+regulan+el+movimiento+de+las+moh%C3%A9culas+hidrof%C3%ADlicas+a+trav%C3%A9s+de+la+membrana+plasm%C3%A1tica.+Algunas+prote%C3%ADnas+de+transporte%2C+llamadas+%3Ci%3Eprote%C3%ADnas+de+canal%3C%2Fi%3E%2C+forman+canales+cuyos+poros+centrales+permiten+que+iones+espec%C3%ADficos+o+mol%C3%A9culas+de+agua+pasen+a+trav%C3%A9s+de+la+membrana+en+funci%C3%B3n+de+sus+gradientes+de+concentraci%C3%B3n.+Otras+prote%C3%ADnas+de+transporte%2C+llamadas+%3Ci%3Eprote%C3%ADnas+portadoras%3C%2Fi%3E%2C+tienen+sitios+de+uni%C3%B3n+que+pueden+sujetar+temporalmente+mol%C3%A9culas+espec%C3%ADficas+por+un+lado+de+la+membrana.%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B+font-size%3A+9pt%3B%22%3ELuego%2C+la+prote%C3%ADna+de+transporte+cambia+de+forma+%28en+algunos+casos+consumiendo+energ%C3%ADa+celular%29%2C+hace+pasar+la+mol%C3%A9cula+a+trav%C3%A9s+de+la+membrana+y+la+libera+en+el+otro+lado+de+%C3%A9sta%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22separator%22+style%3D%22border-bottom%3A+medium+none%3B+border-left%3A+medium+none%3B+border-right%3A+medium+none%3B+border-top%3A+medium+none%3B+clear%3A+both%3B+text-align%3A+center%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22separator%22+style%3D%22border-bottom%3A+medium+none%3B+border-left!3A+medium+none%3B+border-right%3A+medium+none%3B+border-top%3A+medium+none%3B+clear%3A+both%3B+text-align%3A+center%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22separator%22+style%3D%22border-bottom%3A+medium+none%3B+border-left%3A+medium+none%3B+border-right%3A+medium+none%3B+border-top%3A+medium+none%3B+clear%3A+both%3B+text-align%3A+left%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22color%3A+%23cc0000%3B+font-size%3A+large%3B%22%3ETransporte%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22separator%22+style%3D%22border-bottom%3A+medium+none%3B+border-left%3A+medium+none%3B+border-right%3A+medium+none%3B+border-top%3A+medium+none%3B+clear%3A+both%3B+text-align%3A+left%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B+font-size%3A+9pt%3B%22%3EEn+su+papel+como+guardi%C3%A1n+de+la+c%C3%A9lula%2C+la+membrana+plasm%C3%A1tica+provee+dos+tipos+de+movimiento%3A+el+%3Ci%3Etransporte+pasivo%3C%2Fi%3E+y+el+%3Ci%3Etransporte+que+requiere+de+energ%C3%ADa%3C%2Fi%3E.+El+movimiento+de+las+mol%C3%A9culas+que+pasa+directamente+a+trav%C3%A9s+de+la+membrana+celular+utilizando+energ%C3%ADa+se+describe+como+%3Ci%3Etransporte+activo%3C%2Fi%3E.%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B+font-size%3A+9pt%3B%22%3EEl+transporte+pasivo+puede+describirse+como+difusi%C3%B3n+de+sustancias+a+trav%C3%A9s+de+las+membranas+celulares.+Como+la+difusi%C3%B3n+siempre+ocurre+bajando+por+gradientes+de+concentraci%C3%B3n%2C+el+transporte+pasivo+no+requiere+un+gasto+de+energ%C3%ADa.+Los+gradientes+de+concentraci%C3%B3n+impulsan+el+movimiento+y+determinan+la+direcci%C3%B3n+de+%C3%A9ste+a+trav%C3%A9s+de+la+membrana.+Los+fosfol%C3%ADpidos+y+los+canales+proteicos+de+la+membrana+plasm%C3%A1tica+regulan+qu%C3%A9+iones+o+mol%C3%A9culas+pueden+cruzar%2C+pero+no+afectan+a+la+direcci%C3%B3n+del+movimiento.%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22separator%22+style%3D%22border-bottom%3A+medium+none%3B+border-left%3A+medium+none%3B+border-right%3A+medium+none%3B+border-top%3A+medium+none%3B+clear%3A+both%3B+text-align%3A+left%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B+font-size%3A+9pt%3B%22%3ELos+principios+de+la+difusi%C3%B3n%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B+font-size%3A+9pt%3B%22%3E%E2%80%A2+La+difusi%C3%B3n+es+el+movimiento+neto+de+mol%C3%A9culas+de+un+gradiente+de+mayor+concentraci%C3%B3n+a+otro+de+menor%26nbsp%3B%26nbsp%3B%26nbsp%3B%26nbsp%3B+concentraci%C3%B3n.%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B+font-size%3A+9pt%3B%22%3E%E2%80%A2+Cuanto+mayor+es+el+gradiente+de+concentraci%C3%B3n%2C+m%C3%A1s+r%C3%A1pida+es+la+difusi%C3%B3n.%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B+font-size%3A+9pt%3B%22%3E%E2%80%A2+Cuanto+mayor+es+la+temperatura%2C+m%C3%A1s+r%C3%A1pida+es+la+difusi%C3%B3n.%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B+font-size%3A+9pt%3B%22%3E%E2%80%A2+Si+no+intervienen+otros+procesos%2C+la+difusi%C3%B3n+continuar%C3%A1+hasta+eliminar+el+gradiente+de+concentraci%C3%B3n.%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B+font-size%3A+9pt%3B%22%3E%E2%80%A2+La+difusi%C3%B3n+no+puede+desplazar+mol%C3%A9culas+r%C3%A1pidamente+a+grandes+distancias.%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B+font-size%3A+9pt%3B%22%3E%E2%80%A2+La+%C3%B3smosis+es+el+movimiento+del+agua+a+trav%C3%A9s+de+una+membrana+selectivamente+permeable+mediante+difusi%C3%B3n+simple+o+facilitada+por+las+acuaporinas.%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B+font-size%3A+9pt%3B%22%3E%E2%80%A2+El+agua+pasa+a+trav%C3%A9s+de+una+membrana+selectivamente+permeable+gracias+al+gradiente+de+concentraci%C3%B3n%2C+y+va+del+lado+con+una+alta+concentraci%C3%B3n+de+mol%C3%A9culas+de+agua+libres+al+lado+con+una+menor+concentraci%C3%B3n+de+mol%C3%A9culas+libres.%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B+font-size%3A+9pt%3B%22%3E%E2%80%A2+Las+sustancias+disueltas+reducen+la+concentraci%C3%B3n+de+mol%C3%A9culas+de+agua+libres+en+una+soluci%C3%B3n.%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22separator%22+style%3D%22clear%3A+both%3B+text-align%3A+center%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Ca+href%3D%22http%3A%2F%2F2.bp.blogspot.com%2F-ONJexmpBDLw%2FTtR1jEl_nEI%2FAAAAAAAAAGE%2FLxXHSrDbA54%2Fs1600%2Ftransporte%2B2.png%22+imageanchor%3D%221%22+style%3D%22margin-left%3A+1em%3B+margin-right%3A+1em%3B%22%3E%3Cimg+border%3D%220%22+dda%3D%22true%22+height%3D%22344%22+src%3D%22http%3A%2F%2F2.bp.blogspot.com%2F-ONJexmpBDLw%2FTtR1jEl_nEI%2FAAAAAAAAAGE%2FLxXHSrDbA54%2Fs640%2Ftransporte%2B2.png%22+width%3D%22640%22+%2F%3E%3C%2Fa%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22border-bottom%3A+medium+none%3B+border-left%3A+medium+none%3B+border-right%3A+medium+none%3B+border-top%3A+medium+none%3B+line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22border-bottom%3A+medium+none%3B+border-left%3A+medium+none%3B+border-right%3A+medium+none%3B+border-top%3A+medium+none%3B+line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BArial%26quot%3B%2C+%26quot%3Bsans-serif%26quot%3B%3B+font-size%3A+9pt%3B%22%3EDurante+el+transporte+activo%2C+la+c%C3%A9lula+utiliza+energ%C3%ADa+para+desplazar+sustancias+a+trav%C3%A9s+de+la+membrana+contra+un+gradiente+de+concentraci%C3%B3n.+En+este+caso%2C+las+prote%C3%ADnas+de+transporte+s%C3%AD+controlan+la+direcci%C3%B3n+del+movimiento.+%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22border-bottom%3A+medium+none%3B+border-left%3A+medium+none%3B+border-right%3A+medium+none%3B+border-top%3A+medium+none%3B+line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22separator%22+style%3D%22clear%3A+both%3B+text-align%3A+center%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Ca+href%3D%22http%3A%2F%2F3.bp.blogspot.com%2F-Ml6tHLGeJq4%2FTtR1xLx4WtI%2FAAAAAAAAAGM%2Fe0Ul0GjW930%2Fs1600%2Ftransporte%2B3.png%22+imageanchor%3D%221%22+style%3D%22margin-left%3A+1em%3B+margin-right%3A+1em%3B%22%3E%3Cimg+border%3D%220%22+dda%3D%22true%22+height%3D%22344%22+src%3D%22http%3A%2F%2F3.bp.blogspot.com%2F-Ml6tHLGeJq4%2FTtR1xLx4WtI%2FAAAAAAAAAGM%2Fe0Ul0GjW930%2Fs640%2Ftransporte%2B3.png%22+width%3D%22640%22+%2F%3E%3C%2Fa%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22separator%22+style%3D%22clear%3A+both%3B+text-align%3A+center%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Ca+href%3D%22http%3A%2F%2F4.bp.blogspot.com%2F-IS3jw8SasRQ%2FTtR2AF2TkCI%2FAAAAAAAAAGU%2FTEHL3XHl4sc%2Fs1600%2Ftransporte%2B4.png%22+imageanchor%3D%221%22+style%3D%22margin-left%3A+1em%3B+margin-right%3A+1em%3B%22%3E%3Cimg+border%3D%220%22+dda%3D%22true%22+height%3D%22422%22+src%3D%22http%3A%2F%2F4.bp.blogspot.com%2F-IS3jw8SasRQ%2FTtR2AF2TkCI%2FAAAAAAAAAGU%2FTEHL3XHl4sc%2Fs640%2Ftransporte%2B4.png%22+width%3D%22640%22+%2F%3E%3C%2Fa%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22border-bottom%3A+medium+none%3B+border-left%3A+medium+none%3B+border-right%3A+medium+none%3B+border-top%3A+medium+none%3B+line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22separator%22+style%3D%22border-bottom%3A+medium+none%3B+border-left%3A+medium+none%3B+border-right%3A+medium+none%3B+border-top%3A+medium+none%3B+clear%3A+both%3B+text-align%3A+center%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Ca+href%3D%22http%3A%2F%2F1.bp.blogspot.com%2F-TIQEgIFEeio%2FTtR2TmzvZMI%2FAAAAAAAAAGc%2FfUe6hWbWDYU%2Fs1600%2Ftransporte%2B5.png%22+imageanchor%3D%221%22+style%3D%22margin-left%3A+1em%3B+margin-right%3A+1em%3B%22%3E%3Cimg+border%3D%220%22+dda%3D%22true%22+heighp%3D%22422%22+src%3D%22http%3A%2F%2F1.bp.blogspot.com%2F-TIQEgIFEeio%2FTtR2TmzvZMI%2FAAAAAAAAAGc%2FfUe6hWbWDYU%2Fs640%2Ftransporte%2B5.png%22+width%3D%22640%22+%2F%3E%3C%2Fa%3E%3Ca+href%3D%22http%3A%2F%2F2.bp.blogspot.com%2F-JHJje-ZQs7M%2FTtR2dCQ3JMI%2FAAAAAAAAAGk%2FhMgWE9G71dc%2Fs1600%2Ftransporte%2B6.png%22+imageanchor%3D%221%22+style%3D%22margin-left%3A+1em%3B+margin-right%3A+1em%3B%22%3E%3Cimg+border%3D%220%22+dda%3D%22true%22+height%3D%22500%22+src%3D%22http%3A%2F%2F2.bp.blogspot.com%2F-JHJje-ZQs7M%2FTtR2dCQ3JMI%2FAAAAAAAAAGk%2FhMgWE9G71dc%2Fs640%2Ftransporte%2B6.png%22+width%3D%22640%22+%2F%3E%3C%2Fa%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22border-bottom%3A+medium+none%3B+border-left%3A+medium+none%3B+border-right%3A+medium+none%3B+border-top%3A+medium+none%3B+line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0@%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22MsoNormal%22+style%3D%22border-bottom%3A+medium+none%3B+border-left%3A+medium+none%3B+border-right%3A+medium+none%3B+border-top%3A+medium+none%3B+line-height%3A+normal%3B+margin%3A+0cm+0cm+0pt%3B+mso-layout-grid-align%3A+none%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cdiv+class%3D%22separator%22+style%3D%22border-bottom%3A+medium+none%3B+border-left%3A+medium+none%3B+border-right%3A+medium+none%3B+border-top%3A+medium+none%3B+clear%3A+both%3B+text-align%3A+center%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3Ca+href%3D%22http%3A%2F%2F4.bp.blogspot.com%2F-L6-ZB1SakHQ%2FTtR1PltzoQI%2FAAAAAAAAAF8%2FzqrgzTNf7g8%2Fs1600%2Fmembrana%2B5.png%22+imageanchor%3D%221%22+style%3D%22clear%3A+right%3B+cssfloat%3A+right%3B+float%3A+right%3B+margin-bottom%3A+1em%3B+margin-left%3A+1em%3B%22%3E%3Cimg+border%3D%220%22+dda%3D%22true%22+height%3D%22372%22+src%3D%22http%3A%2F%2F4.bp.blogspot.com%2F-L6-ZB1SakHQ%2FTtR1PltzoQI%2FAAAAAAAAAF8%2FzqrgzTNf7g8%2Fs640%2Fmembrana%2B5.png%22+width%3D%22640%22+%2B%3E%3C%2Fa%3E%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%0D%0AReferencias%3A%0D%0A%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-size%3A+x-small%3B%22%3EDavid+L.+Daleke.+Regulation+of+transbilayer+plasma+membrane+phospholipid+asymmetry.+Journal+of+Lipid+Research%2C+Vol.+44%2C+2003%2C+pp+233-242%3C%2Fspan%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-size%3A+x-small%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3C%2Fspan%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-size%3A+x-small%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3C%2Fspan%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-size%3A+x-small%3B%22%3EJohn+F.+Hancock.+Lipid+Rafts%3A+contentious+only+from+simplistic+standpoints.+Nature%2C+Vol.+7%2C+2006%2C+pp+456-462%3C%2Fspan%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-size%3A+x-small%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3C%2Fspan%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-size%3A+x-small%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3C%2Fspan%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-size%3A+x-small%3B%22%3ES.+J.+Singer+%26amp%3B+Garth+Nicolson.+The+Fluid+Mosaic+Model+of+the+Structure+of+Cell+Membranes.+Science%2C+Vol+175%2C+1972%2C+pp+720-731%3C%2Fspan%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-size%3A+x-small%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3C%2Fspan%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-size%3A+x-small%3B%22%3E%0D%0A%3C%2Fspan%3E%0D%0A%0D%0A%3Cdiv+align%3D%22left%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-size%3A+x-small%3B%22%3EAUDESIRK+TERESA%3BAUDESIRK+GERALD%3B+BYERS%2C+BRUCE+E.+Biolog%C3%ADa%3A+La+vida+en+la+Tierra.%26nbsp%3B8a+edicion.%26nbsp%3B%3C%2Fspan%3E%0D%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BTimesTen-Roman%26quot%3B%3B%22%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-family%3A+%26quot%3BTimesTen-Roman%26quot%3B%3B%22%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-size%3A+x-small%3B%22%3EPearson+Educaci%C3%B3n+de+M%C3%A9xico%2C+2008.+pp.+82-94%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fspan%3E

No hay comentarios:

Publicar un comentario